Aureomycin ointment



Patented June 2, 1953 Robert Lincoln Burkhai-t, t m R ver, John J. Vancefark Ridge, N. J.,'

mo s 'to American Qya namid Company, New Yoi'kjNQY a ca ibration of Maine 1 Claim. 1 invention relates te and has as an object the nrevision of a preparation containing a therapeutically efi ective form of aureomycin in an ointment suitable for tonicai administration, and particularly for administration to cows for mastitis. Animai mastitis, particularly in cows, is a. chronic infectious disease of the. mammary glands caused by various organisms such as streptococcus agalactzfge, Staphylococcus oureus, strttcwe'cu u'be'fz's, B'tieiitb' gets dysgalwctiae, Qofynb'acteizum eyeene's, Eschfic'hia "coZi, and "otherjo rganisiiis. In the cast, it has been respon- 'sible for the mss of aiiirfials from production, and has decreased the milk yields of dairy cattle. various types of sulfa. preparations, silver Salts and benic'i'llin prebaraitions have been used, with many disadvantages for each.

We have found that the new anti-biotic known as aureomycin pjrepared, as fat ex mpts, in accaresses with Dug'gai- Patent 2,482,055, is particuiarly effeiz'tivein the treatment of this condinon. We have foun that by admimstefiiig the aur'eemycir in ointment prepared in accordance with this invention inost cows can be cured by a single treatment. We have found that by adminis'tefing' the ointment to each infected uuarterci the meet, it is possible w "obtain an estefiiemmgh ra se of success ma single treatinentin all but'the'hio'st intractable cases. Muitiple doses cure even these.

Aiiieoiiiycin been found to be a naphthacene derivative and while having a structure which strongly suggests tautomeric is believed to exist with the "fdlldwing probable structure:

"0135 on one em c1 H Ni; 1 EVE 1/ A numbering system is shown for the molecule. Cine proper name for the compound is l-dimethyl-amino 4,6 dioxo l0 chloro 11- methyl 2,4a,5,7,1-1 bentahydroxy 1,4,4a,6,11, 11a -,1*2,-1-2a octahydrenaphthaeene 3 cal-boxamide. A generic termfor the compound is chiorotetracycline' which is consistent with the name oxytetracycline for terramycin as suggested iii'the Journal of the American Chemie'al sooiety, 74 4976 (1952) We find that it is necessary for a highdegree of success that therapeutically effective concenthe entire infected area; werepy all porn stations "of the au'i' vein 'be jpfsefit "iii the udder fdi from 24 beers. with aureoifiyci'n in. an zaqu Iiis susiiension, it is found that (W eral treatments are necessary to secure satisfactory cures. However, by preparing an nti'neiit containing the aureemy'cin in la 'ni pulvri'zed state in a 'loasecdnsi'stiiig of H ptrolatuin, ipetroiatum jelly and 'anylid lanolin, there is obtained a product'which when injected into the udder rises tec usep 'r its light specific "giavtiy so as to ti'eat an affected pertions, and ad'ditienauy releases the auresriiycm at such a rate that efie ctiye concentrations are m'aintai-ned for -the required 1en gthoft1me. The auredmyc'i n may be present as the hydrochlor de, free aui'eomy'dm, or as a salt with'a metal. The aureomyci n is mos 11y obtainable c1 cal-1y as the hydr'oohl we, accord ly is most conveniently used in this form. Qther forms, of course, may be used when procuraibl'e. Aureomycin becomes inactivated if permitted to remain contact with Wateifoyerbrolonged periods. The anhydfdus preparation prepared in accordance with this invention permits the au-reomycin to remain stable-and active for prolonged periods so that theointmeht be prepared for administration and still remain therapeutically effective for at least two or three years, under normal storage conditions. This: ably leng shelf life permits the firepajr' I products for distribution through normal chan nels without the necessity of refrigeration, or encountering large quantities of returned goods. We have found thatwhen prepared in accordance with this invention, the e is ob "ed an ointment-which has such consistency that it may be readily and conveniently administei 'ed ufider any normal temperature conditions present with dairyhewds- For purposes of convenience of administration for mastitis, it -iS desirable that the ointment have such a consisteneylthat under normal e-miseratures, it is a fairly fluid ointment so that it they be readily inserted into the teat canal is readily mobile so that it distributes itself thr'deh the mammary glass are ed) to the V Y F the aureomyoin. The particular vehicle use'd'by us gives a prolonged period of action apparently by slowly releasing the aureomycin from the vecaused by an anaemia-sensitive di''inisi'ii containing from 5 to 50% lanolin,and the remainder a mixture of liquid petrolatum and petrolatum jelly, either white or yellow, in suclr proportions as to cause the viscosity to be as desired. Because the viscosity of these materials may vary, the relative proportions to get a desired viscosity may vary, and is a matter of choice for each application. White petrolatum is usually preferred because it is more highly purified and results in a lighter, clearer product.

It is desirable that the aureomycin be finely divided so that a smooth ointment is obtained with no gritty particles. A very satisfactory ointment has been prepared from an aureomycin hydrochloride in which the largest particle has as a maximum dimension 100 microns and approxi- -mately 35% is within the range of from 5 to microns, approximately 60% within the range of 3 to 5 microns and approximately 5% less than 3 microns.

It is desirable that the aureomycin as the hydrochloride or in other forms be finely powdered before its mixture because it is usually more convenient to grind the solid while dry than while dispersed, although, of course, the aureomycin may be ground to size while dispersed in part of the petrolatum by use of a colloid mill,

a ball mill, or other grinding means well known to the arts.

As specific examples, by way of illustration but not limitation, are the following:

Example 1 grams of aureomycin hydrochloride were micropulverizedso that the particle size count "showed the largest particle to be less than 100 microns, approximately to be within the :range of 5 to 10 microns, approximately to be within the range of 3 to 5 microns, approximately,5% to be less than 3 microns. To the aureomycin thus ground were added 250 grams of liquid petrolatum (mineral oil) and the mixture ground smooth in a colloid mill. A second mixture was prepared of 620 grams of white petrolaturn and 100 grams of anhydrous lanolin U. S. P. by mixing them with thorough stirring at 50 to 52 C. To this mixture was then added the aureomycin in the liquid petrolatum andthe mixture stirred while cooling to a temperature of approximately 31C. A smooth comparatively fluid stable dispersion of aureomycin was thereby prepared. The product was filled into ounce tubes with long nozzles suitable for injection into long periods and does not separate under normal storage temperature conditions.

Example 2 A topical ointment was prepared by mixing 30 grams of aureomycin micropulverized to the particle size range as in Example 1 with 150 grams of liquid petrolatum. A second mixture was prepared of 720 grams of white petrolatum and 1 00 grams of anhydrous lanolin U. S. P. The white I petrolatum and anhydrous lanolin were mixed tothe teat canal. The product remains stable over 4 gether at a temperature of approximately 50 C. until a smooth uniform mixture was obtained and thereto added the smoothly ground suspension of the aureomycin hydrochloride in the liquid petrolatum, the combined mixture stirred until smooth and permitted to cool to room temperature.

A more viscous product was obtained which was filled into tubes for topical administration.

Example 3 Five grams of micropulverized aureomycin hydrochlo ride-were mixed with 20 grams of melted yellow petrolatum U. S. P., and ground smooth in a colloid mill. A second mixture was prepared of 25 grams of white petrolatum and 50 grams of lanolin, anhydrous, which was ground smooth at 60 C. After smooth uniform mixtures were obtained, the two mixtures were mixed together and stirred while cooling, until the mixture had sufficiently set upso that the aureomycin did not tend to separate' There was obtained-a product of medium viscosity, suitable for injection into a cows udder. The mixture was very satis- "factory for use as a mastitis ointment; but was a little thinner than usually desired for topical use.

Erample 4 ground until the aureomycin was smoothlydispersed throughout the white petrolatum. A mixture was prepared of 50 grams of lanolin, 200 grams of liquid petrolatum and 249 grams of white petrolatum, .which were mixed together at a temperature of approximately 50 C. until a smooth uniform mixture was obtained. The mixture of the aureomycin in its petrolatum base was added thereto and the two mixtures stirred together until a smooth uniform mixture was obtained and the stirring continued While cooling until th mixture had set up sufi'iciently that the aureomycin did not tend to settle. A fairly viscous product was obtained which is suitable for use as. an eye ointment or for application to the surface of the skin. The low aureomycin content renders'the ointment particularly satisfactory for use near the eye or on hairy areas where large quantities of ointment are required in order that it may be worked into the underlying skin.

Example 5 A mixture was prepared of grams of lanolin, 720 grams of white petrolatum and grams of liquid petrolatum by stirring at approximately 50 C. until a smooth uniform mixture was obtained. Thereto was added 0 grams of aureomycin as the free base in a micropulverized state, and the mixture run through a colloid mill to completely disperse the au'reomycin in the vehicle. The mixture was stirred while cooling until it had set suificiently so that the aureomycin did not tend to settle, and then filled intojars. A fairly viscous product wasobtained suitable for application to the skin of humans or animals.

Example 6 The above experiment was repeated using the ethylenediamine salt of aureomycin. The ointment obtained was of substantially the same consistency and utility.

It will be. understood, of course, that the quantity of aureomycin may vary over wide limits as above mentioned, as may the lanolin concentra- Micrograms per milliliter 12 hours 100 24 hours 10 36 hours 48 hours 2 In contradistinction thereto, the milk levels of aureomycin were measured after the administration of 100 milligrams of aureomycin in 50 cc. of physiological saline. The following levels were obtained:

Micrograms per milliliter 1 hour 800 2 hours 200 4 hours 80 8 hours 8 12 hours 2 24 hours 0.2 36 hours 0.05 48 hours Not measurable We claim:

A long nozzle tube containing an ointment, adapted to be injected into a teat canal for the treatment of bovine mastitis, said ointment comprising essentially 0.5 to 15% of aureomycin hydrochloride, 5 to 50% lanolin and the remainder a mixture of petrolatum jelly and liquid petrolatum in such a ratio that said ointment is storage stable, maintains the aureomycin hydrochloride in suspension over a prolonged period, and softens sufiiciently to float in the milk in an udder, and release the aureomycin hydrochloride at udder temperature.

ROBERT LINCOLN BURKHART.

JOHN J. VANCE.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,482,055 Duggar Sept. 13, 1949 2,498,374 Martin Feb. 21, 1950' OTHER REFERENCES Pharmaceutical Recipe Book, 1943, 3rd edition, American Pharmaceutical Association, page 133.

Hollander et 2.1.: American Pract. and Digest of Treatment, volume 1, page 54, January 1950.

J. A. P. A., Practical Pharmacy Edition, 1945, page 127.

Montinho: Gazeta Medica Portuguesa, volume II, Number 2, September 1949, pages 497 to 498. 

